How to Vote

Voter Registration by State

Each state manages its own voter registration. You can register online in most states, or by mail or in person. Visit your state's Secretary of State website to register or update your registration.

You can also register at vote.gov, the federal government's official voter registration portal.

How to Check Your Registration Status

It is important to verify your registration well before Election Day. Here is how:

1. Visit vote.org/am-i-registered-to-vote for a quick lookup tool that works in most states.
2. Visit your state's Secretary of State website (linked above) for the official registration lookup.
3. Check your information: make sure your name, address, and party affiliation (if applicable) are correct.
4. If you have moved, changed your name, or have not voted in a while, you may need to re-register.

Tip: Check your registration at least 30 days before an election. Many states have registration deadlines 2 to 4 weeks before Election Day. Some states offer same-day registration.

Voting Methods

In-Person Voting (Election Day)

The traditional method: go to your assigned polling place on Election Day and cast your ballot in person. Polling places are typically open from early morning until evening (hours vary by state). Find your polling place through your state's election website or at vote.org.

Early Voting

Most states offer early voting, allowing you to cast your ballot in person before Election Day. Early voting periods vary by state and can begin as early as 45 days before the election. Early voting locations may differ from your Election Day polling place.

Vote by Mail (Absentee Voting)

All states allow some form of mail voting. The rules vary:

• All-mail states: Oregon, Washington, Colorado, Hawaii, and Utah automatically send ballots to all registered voters.
• No-excuse absentee: Many states let any registered voter request a mail ballot without providing a reason.
• Excuse required: Some states require a reason (such as being out of town) to vote by mail.

If voting by mail, return your ballot early. Mailing deadlines are strict, and late ballots are not counted in most states.

Drop Boxes

Many states and counties provide secure ballot drop boxes where you can submit your mail ballot without relying on postal delivery. Check your county election website for drop box locations and hours.

What to Bring to the Polls

Requirements vary by state, but here is a general checklist:

• Photo ID: Required in many states. Acceptable forms usually include a driver's license, state ID, passport, or military ID. Some states accept non-photo ID.
• Voter registration card: Not usually required, but can be helpful if there are questions about your registration.
• Your completed sample ballot or notes: Most states allow you to bring notes or a filled-in sample ballot to reference while voting. Check your state's rules.
• Proof of address: Some states accept a utility bill, bank statement, or government document as ID or supplemental identification.

Not sure what your state requires? Visit your state's election website (linked in the registration section above) for specific ID requirements.

What to Do If You Have Problems Voting

You have the right to vote. If you encounter problems, do not leave the polling place without trying these steps:

• Name not on the list: Ask for a provisional ballot. Federal law requires that you be allowed to cast a provisional ballot if your eligibility is in question. Your vote will be counted if your registration is later verified.
• Long lines: If you are in line when the polls close, you have the right to stay in line and vote.
• Equipment problems: Ask poll workers for help or a paper ballot.
• Voter intimidation: It is illegal for anyone to threaten, coerce, or intimidate you at the polls. Report it immediately.
• Accessibility issues: Polling places must be accessible to voters with disabilities. Ask poll workers for accommodations.

Who to Contact for Help

• Election Protection Hotline: 1-866-OUR-VOTE (1-866-687-8683) — nonpartisan voter assistance in English.
• Spanish-language hotline: 1-888-VE-Y-VOTA (1-888-839-8682)
• Your county election office: Contact information is usually on your voter registration card or your state's election website.
• U.S. Department of Justice: 1-800-253-3931 for voting rights complaints.